文章导读：城市化带来更有效管理用水和更能获得饮用水和环境卫生的机会。同时，城市里的各种问题往往扩大，目前逐渐超出我们拟订解决办法的能力as the world charts a more sustainable future, the crucial interplay among water, food and energy is one of the most formidable challenges we face.

without water there is no dignity and no escape from poverty. yet the millennium development goal target for water and sanitation is among those on which many countries lag the most.

在全世界策划一个更可持续的前景之际，水、粮食与能源的相互作用是我们面临的最巨大挑战之一。没有水，就没有尊严，也无法摆脱贫穷。然而，《千年发展目标》里水和环境卫生的指标却属于许多国家最落后的指标。

in little over a generation, 60 per cent of the global population will be living in towns and cities, with much of the increase taking place in the inner city slums and squatter settlements of the developing world. the theme of this year’s observance of world water day -- “water for cities” -- highlights some of the main challenges of this increasingly urban future.

约略再过一代，全球人口的60%将住在城市，其中大部分增加人数将出现在发展中国家的市中心贫民区和棚户区。今年纪念世界水日的主题——“城市用水”——凸显这个日益城市化的前景所具有的一些主要挑战。urbanization brings opportunities for more efficient water management and improved access to drinking water and sanitation.

at the same time, problems are often magnified in cities, and are currently outpacing our ability to devise solutions.

城市化带来更有效管理用水和更能获得饮用水和环境卫生的机会。同时，城市里的各种问题往往扩大，目前逐渐超出我们拟订解决办法的能力。over the past decade, the number of urban dwellers who lack access to a water tap in their home or immediate vicinity has risen by an estimated 114 million, and the number of those who lack access to the most basic sanitation facilities has risen by 134 million.

this 20 per cent increase has had a hugely detrimental impact on human health and on economic productivity: people are sick and unable to work.

过去十年，家里或附近没有水龙头可用的城市居民的人数估计增加了1.14亿，没有最基本的环卫设施可用的城市居民的人数则增加了1.34亿。

这个20%增加数额对人类健康和经济生产力都有极其有害的影响：人民生病不能工作。

water challenges go beyond questions of access. in many countries, girls are forced to drop out of school owing to a lack of sanitation facilities, and women are harassed or assaulted when carrying water or visiting a public toilet. moreover, the poorest and most vulnerable members of society often have little choice but to buy water from informal vendors at prices estimated to be 20 to 100 per cent higher than that of their richer neighbours, who receive piped city water in their homes.

this is not just unsustainable; it is unacceptable.

用水方面的挑战还不限于取得用水的问题。许多国家的女童因为缺乏环卫设施而被迫退学，妇女提水或上公用厕所时被人骚扰或侵犯。此外，最穷最弱的社会成员往往不得不向非正式的贩子买水，价钱比在家里接引本市自来水的有钱邻居所付的价钱大约高出20%至100%。

这种情况不仅不可持续，而且不可接受。water problems will figure prominently at the forth***ing un conference on sustainable development in rio de janeiro, in 2012 – rio + 20. my high-level panel on global sustainability and un-water are examining ways in which we can connect the dots among water, energy and food security, with the aim of reducing poverty and inequality, generating jobs, and minimizing the risks of climate change and environmental stress.

在将于2012年在里约热内卢举行的联合国可持续发展大会(里约＋20)上，水的问题将居于显著的地位。我的全球可持续性和联合国水机制问题高级别小组正在研究我们可以采用什么方法把水、能源和粮食安全之间的关系建立起来，以期减少贫穷和不平等现象，创造就业机会，并尽量减少气候变化和环境压力的危险。on world water day, i urge governments to recognize the urban water crisis for what it is – a crisis of governance, weak policies and poor management, rather than one of scarcity.

let us also pledge to reverse the alarming decline in pro poor investment in water and sanitation. and let us reaffirm our ***mitment to ending the plight of the more than 800 million people who, in a world of plenty, still do not have the safe drinking water or sanitation they need for a life in dignity and good health.

在世界水日，我呼吁各国**认识城市用水危机的真相——这是治理方式、软弱政策和管理不善造成的危机，而非供不应求的危机。我们还要保证把水和环卫方面有利于穷人的投资急剧下降的趋势扭转过来。同时让我们重申：

我们承诺终止8亿多人民的苦难，他们虽然处于一个富足的世界中，却仍然得不到他们的尊严和健康生活所需的安全饮用水或环境卫生。

❖ 联合国日国旗下讲话主题演讲稿 ❖

老师、同学们，我今天讲话的题目是：个人境界与集体利益。

哲学前辈冯友兰曾将人生的境界分为四等，依次为：自然境界、.功利境界、道德境界和天地境界。自然境界指一个可能只是顺从本能或其社会习惯做事情的人所处的人生境界。而以自我为中心，无论做什么事都以利己为出发点，这就是功利境界。一个不仅关心个人利益，而且更关心集体利益，为集体做事的人则处于道德境界。天地境界的人会认识到自己是浩瀚宇宙中的一员，并总是为宇宙利益做事情。

处于不同境界的人对集体利益的影响是不同的。自然境界的人们只是本能的生活在集体中，随波逐流。他们对集体的影响很小或根本没有影响。以自我为中心的功利境界的人，总是希望从他人.集体中取得更多的利益，但在这取得利益过程中却有可能损害了他人的利益。例如光碟盗版商，他们将盗版光碟打上市场，肥了自己的腰包却令正规的音像公司连连亏本。道德境界的人们则是集体利益的捍卫者，他们中是用严格的道德准则来归范自己的行为。例如：再我们周围默默无闻的工作着的班干部们。他们以督促和帮助其他同学为己任，为促进同学们的共同进步，和集体的进步而工作。而天地境界的人则为人类这个大集体的利益奋斗着。他们以为人类带来光明的爱迪生为榜样，不断的为人类的未来努力。总的来说，前两种境界一般人都可以达到，而后两种则需要加以努力才可达到。

也许有人会说，要达到道德境界和天地境界谈何容易？其实不然，我们虽然不能一下子就将思想抬升到道德或天地境界，但我们可以从小事做起逐渐的提升。比如说：你小心的捡起满地撒落的粉笔头，轻轻的放回粉笔盒中，此时你便达到了道德境界。因为你为集体节约了开销，又保护了周围的环境.

❖ 联合国日国旗下讲话主题演讲稿 ❖